Shoulder Impingement Syndrome in Canoe-Kayak athletes Author: G. Tsiganos The shoulder blade zone of the human anatomy is in a way constructed so as to combine two important properties, in other words great mobility on the one hand and great stability on the other hand. The biological materials of the area - bones, ligaments, tendons, muscles and bursae, etc. - during the execution of canoe-kayak motions, undergo increased forces and at times presents signs of disorganization and wear (Neer C., Foster C. 1980). The insufficient stabilization of the humerical head in its correct anatomical and functional position results in the appearance of reduced functional ability on the one hand and the creation of inflammation and other accompanying symptoms (Men eta, 1998,Hawknns F., KennedyF. 1980). Etiology of the Syndrome The following comprise the etiology of shoulder rotator cuff impingement syndrome: 1. The repetiveness and force undergone by the rotator cuff muscles in canoe-kayak athletes. 2. The lack of balance in force and speed of contraction between internal and external rotations of the arm and limited muscular flexibility. 3. Previous injury that has not been fully rehabilitated. 4. Thickening of the subacromial bursa. 5. Possible idiomorphic skeletal anatomy of the athletes' acromion. 6. Possible vascular injuries in the hyperacanthion tendon due to overuse. 7. Previous factures in the area that have not adequately healed or healed in the correct anatomical position. 8. Instability of the shoulder (anterior, posterior or multidirectional), which can be the result of muscular imbalance in the canoe-kayak athletes. (Lawrence et a, 2007).
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